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Species	Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.;
Taxonomy	Rosaceae Juss.; Physocarpus (Cambess.) Maxim.
Species distribution by Meusel et al. (1965)	American;
Life form by Raunkiaer
Relation to Central Russian Flora	сев.-ам. заносный
Ecological-coenotic group and subgroup	Advent
Life strategy by Grime (1979)
Species indicator values
by Ellenberg et al. (1991)	Temperature = 0 Continentality = 0 Soil Moisture = 0 Soil Reaction = 0 Soil Nutrients = 0 Light value = 0
by Landolt (1977)	Temperature = 0 Continentality = 0 Soil Moisture = 0 Soil Reaction = 0 Soil Nutrients = 0 Humus value = 0 Aeration value = 0 Light value = 0
by Tsyganov (1983)	Temperature: 6-13 Continentality = 6-11 Ombroclimate = Crioclimate = 5-13 Soil Moisture = 7-13 Soil Reaction = Soil Nutrients = Mineral salt value = 3-9 Light value = 1-8