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Species	Oenothera biennis L.;
Taxonomy	Onagraceae Juss.; Oenothera L.
Species distribution by Meusel et al. (1965)	Circumpolar; Temperate-Meridional
Life form by Raunkiaer	summer-green; mesomorphe, scleromorphe
Relation to Central Russian Flora	сев.-ам. заносный
Ecological-coenotic group and subgroup	PineForest
Life strategy by Grime (1979)
Species indicator values
by Ellenberg et al. (1991)	Temperature = 7 Continentality = 3 Soil Moisture = 3 Soil Reaction = 0 Soil Nutrients = 4 Light value = 9
by Landolt (1977)	Temperature = 4 Continentality = 3 Soil Moisture = 2 Soil Reaction = 3 Soil Nutrients = 3 Humus value = 3 Aeration value = 4 Light value = 4
by Tsyganov (1983)	Temperature: 6-12 Continentality = 3-13 Ombroclimate = Crioclimate = 5-11 Soil Moisture = 7-13 Soil Reaction = 1-11 Soil Nutrients = 3-7 Mineral salt value = 3-9 Light value = 1-5