Flora of vascular plants in the Central European Russia

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Species Carduus acanthoides L.;
Taxonomy Asteraceae Dumort.; Carduus L.
Species distribution by Meusel et al. (1965) European; Temperate-Submeridional
Life form by Raunkiaer summer-green; scleromorphe, mesomorphe
Relation to Central Russian Flora южный заносный
Ecological-coenotic group and subgroup PineForest
Life strategy by Grime (1979)
Species indicator values
by Ellenberg et al. (1991) Temperature = 5
Continentality = 6
Soil Moisture = 3
Soil Reaction = 0
Soil Nutrients = 8
Light value = 9
by Landolt (1977) Temperature = 5
Continentality = 2
Soil Moisture = 1
Soil Reaction = 3
Soil Nutrients = 4
Humus value = 3
Aeration value = 3
Light value = 4
by Tsyganov (1983) Temperature: 4-13
Continentality = 3-14
Ombroclimate =
Crioclimate = 5-13
Soil Moisture = 5-13
Soil Reaction = 1-11
Soil Nutrients = 7-10
Mineral salt value = 7-11
Light value = 1-5